Question 1. What are the main links in the logistics chain, which are commodity and information flows from the supplier to the consumer.
Question 2. What is the main task of logistics and what are the functions of logistics in accordance with its modern tasks?
Question 3. What factors determine the development of logistics?
Question 4. What process goes simultaneously with the evolution of the concept of logistics?
Question 5. How can you quantify the impact of logistics on the ratio of profits from the sale of goods and invested capital?
Question 6. How are the savings obtained while increasing the efficiency of the logistics chain?
Question 7. What are the incentives for firms to create excess stocks of the procurement product?
Question 8. How can I determine the optimal order size using one of the main inventory management systems?
Question 9. Describe how you can determine the time interval between orders?
Question 10. How can I calculate the size of the order in the system with the established frequency of replenishment of stocks?
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Question 4. What process goes simultaneously with the evolution of the concept of logistics?
Answer:
There are three periods of development of the product distribution systems for material products: the pre-logistics period, the period of classical logistics and the neologistics period. Each of the periods is characterized by corresponding conceptual approaches to the creation and management of these systems and the criteria that are adequate to them.
The beginning of the 80s can date a new period in the development of logistics - the period of neologistics, or the second generation of logistics. During this period, logistics is characterized by the expansion of the scope of compromises.
The need for such an expansion was justified by the fact that none of the functional areas within the firm, including logistics, usually have sufficient resources and capabilities to “alone” properly respond to significant changes in external conditions and work independently and effectively. For a more effective response, the joint efforts of all structural units of a firm or enterprise were required. In addition, it was necessary to use the knowledge and experience of managers who view the activities of the company as a whole.
The conceptual approach to the development of logistics systems, embodying this idea, has been called the "integrated", or "approach based on the entire enterprise." In this approach, the logistics functions are considered as the most important subsystem of the company-wide system. This means that logistics systems must be created and managed on the basis of a common goal - to achieve maximum efficiency of the entire company.
Therefore, began to focus on the cross-functional trade-offs of the company, including its own production and other non-logistical divisions. The criterion for this approach was to minimize the costs of the entire enterprise.
Another argument in favor of the development of interfunctional trade-offs was the interdependence of the costs of logistics, manufacturing and other operations of the company, since any change in one of these activities certainly affects others, but not necessarily favorable. Very often, trying to minimize costs at the expense of any element can lead to higher overall costs. For example, low transportation costs can be expensive for the firm as a whole. Such a situation may arise if the transport unit achieves this goal by sacrificing speed and, in particular, reliability of . Therefore, the proposal to change one of the activities should be considered in conjunction with the total cost of circulation and production.
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